نوشته شده توسط : sunprince

Optical splitter is suitable for a fiber optic signal to be decomposed into multi-channel optical signal output.

Role of optical splitter
(1) It divides out a main light source into 1-N optical path.
(2) It synthesizes 1-N optical path into a main light source and recovers this source.

Working principle
In the single-mode optical fiber of the optical signal when the energy of the light is not completely concentrated in the core communication, a small amount is spread through the cladding near the core, that is, in the two fibers the core sufficiently close, then the mode field of the light transmitted in an optical fiber can enter another one optical fiber, optical signals in the two optical fibers to obtain a re-allocation

Technology
There are two types of optical splitters to meet the need for spectroscopy. One is fused biconical taper splitter (FBT Splitter) made by the traditional optical passive device manufacturers using the traditional biconical taper coupler technology. The other one is planar optical waveguide splitter (PLC Splitter) based on optical integration technology. Both devices have their own advantages. Depending on the occasion and demand, users can rationally choose different types of spectroscopic devices following a brief introduction of the two devices, which is just for reference.

FBT Splitter
Fused biconical taper (FBT) technology is tied to two or more fibers, and then melted in a cone machine, pull tensile and real-time monitoring of changes in splitting ratio, melt tensile splitting ratio to meet the requirements end, wherein one end of a fiber optic reserved ( The remaining cut off) as the input terminal and the other end a multitude of road outputs. Mature tapering process can only pull 1 × 4. 1 × 4 or more devices, with a plurality of 1 × 2 connected together. Then the whole package in the splitter box.

Main advantages
(1) The taper coupler has more than 20 years of history and experience, many equipment and process just follow it, development funds only a few one-tenth or even a few hundredth of PLC
(2) Raw materials have easy access to the quartz substrate, optical fiber, heat shrink tubing, stainless steel pipe and less plastic, a total of not more than one U.S. dollars. investment in machinery and equipment depreciation costs less, 1 × 2,1 × 4 the low channel splitter low cost.
(3) Splitting ratio can be real-time monitoring, you can create unequal splitter.

Main drawback
(1) Loss of the optical wavelength-sensitive, generally according to the wavelength selection device, which in the triple play during use is a fatal defect, since the optical signal transmitted in the triple play there 1310nm, 1490nm, 1550nm multi kinds of wavelength signals.
(2) Poor uniformity, 1×4 nominal about 1.5dB away, 1 × 8 or more away from larger, can not ensure uniform spectroscopic, which may affect the overall transmission distance. A demultiplexer
(3) Insertion loss varies with temperature variation is greater (TDL)
(4) The volume is relatively large, so the reliability will be reduced, and the installation space is restricted.

PLC Splitter
The planar waveguide technology using a semiconductor production process, the optical waveguide branching device branching function is completed on the chip, and can be implemented on one chip up to 1X32 splitter, then, at both ends of the chip package input terminal and an output coupled respectively end multi-channel fiber optic array.

Main advantages
(1) Loss is insensitive to the wavelength of transmitted light, to meet the different wavelengths of the transmission needs.
(2) Splitting the uniform, the signal can be uniformly assigned to a user.
(3) Compact structure, small size (Borch 1 × 32 size: 4 × 7 × 50 mm), can be directly installed in the various existing junction box, no special design leave a lot of space for installation.
(4) Only a single device bypass passage can achieve much more than 32 channels.
(5) The multi-channel, low cost, stars ones more and more obvious cost advantages.

Main drawback
(1) Device fabrication process complexity, high technical threshold, the chip is several foreign companies to monopolize domestic bulk package production enterprise only Borch rarely several.
(2) Relative to the higher cost of Fused Splitter more at a disadvantage, especially in the low channel splitter.

Contrasting the main parameters of the two devices

(1) Both devices have their own advantages in terms of price and performance. The two technologies are constantly upgraded, continue to overcome their disadvantages. Pull cone splitter being addressed disposable tapering in small quantities and poor uniformity; the waveguide splitter also reduce the cost to make unremitting efforts, the two devices 1X8 cost almost the same, with channels increase in the price of a planar waveguide splitter better.

(2) How to choose the two devices? The key is the occasion and the needs of users in terms of. In volume and the wavelength of light is not very sensitive applications, especially in the case of shunt less, the choice of tapering optical splitter relatively affordable, such as independent data transmission is optional 1310nm pull cone splitter, TV video network Select the the 1550nm pull cone splitter; triple-play FTTH require multiple wavelength optical transmission and more occasions should be used in the optical waveguide splitter. At present, the majority of domestic companies FTTH trial network multi-pull cone splitter, which is due to the many designers are not familiar with the PLC device, the few domestic companies producing such devices. Japan and the United States FTTH really commercial operation of the market is almost entirely planar optical waveguide splitter.



:: برچسب‌ها: optical attenuator , fiber optic attenuator , variable optical attenuator ,
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تاریخ انتشار : جمعه 23 فروردين 1392 | نظرات ()
نوشته شده توسط : sunprince

Another two fiber optic testers are optical power meter and optical light source.

Optical Power Meter

Optical power meters are used to measure the absolute optical power or the relative length of optical fiber optical power loss. Measuring optical power is the most basic in the fiber-optic system. Very much like the electronics multimeter, in optical fiber measurement Optical Power Meter is a heavy-duty commonly used table, and it is suggested that each of the fiber optic technicians should staff one. Through the measurement of the absolute power of the transmitting end optical network, a power meter can be able to evaluate the performance of the light end equipment. With an optical power meter and stabilized optical light source used in combination, it is possible to measure the connection loss, test continuity and help evaluate the transmission quality of fiber link.

For any manufacturing of optical fiber transmission system, installation, operation and maintenance, optical power measurement is essential. In the field of optical fiber, if there are no optical power meters, any engineering, laboratory, manufacturing floor or telephone maintenance facilities are unable to work. For example, Optical Power Meter can be used for measuring the output power of the laser light source and the LED light source; used to confirm the estimate of the loss of the optical fiber link; most important of which is that it is a test optical components (fiber, connectors, connecting sub, attenuator key performance indicators, etc.) instrument.

Specific applications for users to select the appropriate optical power meter, should pay attention to the following points:
1). Select the optimal probe type and interface type.
2). The evaluation calibration accuracy and manufacturing calibration procedures, and the required range of optical fiber and connector match.
3). Determine if the model is consistent with the measurement range and display resolution.
4). With the direct dB insertion loss measurement function.

Optical Light Source

Optical light source are used transmitting the light with known power and wavelength to optical system. As mentioned, a stabilized light source together with an optical power meter, can measure the optical loss of the optical fiber system. In off-the-shelf optical fiber system, usually the transmitting end of the system machine plays a role as a stable light source. If the end of the machine does not work or does not end machine, you need to separate stable light source. The stability of the wavelength of the light source should be as consistent as possible with the wavelength of the system end machine. After installation of the system, often need to measure the end-to-end loss, in order to determine whether the connection loss to meet the design requirements, such as: measuring connectors, splices point loss, and optical fiber body loss.

Optical light source transmit the light wtih known power and wavelength to enter the optical system in the process of measuring loss. Optical power meter which is used calibrating a specific wavelength light source, will receive light from the optical fiber network and convert it into electrical signals. To ensure the accuracy of loss measurement, the transmission equipment taht used in the fiber optic light source simulation should have these features.
1). The same wavelength, and uses the same type of light (LED, laser).
2). During the measurement, ensure the stability of the output power and spectral (time and temperature stability).
3). To provide the same connection interface, and use the same type of fiber.
4). The size of the output power should meet the worst-case system loss measurements.

When the transmission systems require a separate stable light source, the optimal choice of light source should simulate the characteristics of the system Optical and measurement needs. When you select light source, it should be considered to the following aspects: a laser tube (LD) from the the LD light emitted from a narrow wavelength bandwidth, almost monochromatic, i.e. a single wavelength. Compared with the LED, through its spectral band (less than 5nm) the laser is not continuous, and on both sides of the center wavelength, but also the emission the several lower peak explants wavelength. Compared to the LED light source, laser source provides more power, but its price is higher than the LED. Laser tube is commonly used in the loss of more than 10dB of long-haul single-mode system. You should avoid measuring multimode fiber with laser light source.

Article source: FiberStore.com



:: برچسب‌ها: optical power meter , optical light source , fiber optic light source ,
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تاریخ انتشار : سه شنبه 6 فروردين 1392 | نظرات ()
نوشته شده توسط : sunprince

There are two commonly used fiber optic testers. They are optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) and visual fault locator.

OTDR is the most classic fiber tester, and can provide the most information on testing optical fiber. The OTDR itself is a one-dimensional closed-loop optical radar, measuring the distance from one end of an optical fiber head. Emitting the high intensity, narrow optical pulses into the optical fiber, while the optical probe at high speed record return signal. This instrument gives a visual interpretation of the optical link. OTDR curve reflects the continuation point, the size of the connector and the location of the point of failure, and loss.

OTDR evaluation process has many similarities with optical multimeter. In fact, OTDR can be considered as a very professional test instrument combination: a stable high-speed pulse source and a high-speed optical probe. The selection process of OTDR can be focus on the following attributes.

1). Confirming the operating wavelength, fiber type and connector interface.

2). The expected loss of the connection and the need to scan the range.

3). The spatial resolution.

Most of the visual fault locator is a handheld instrument suitable for multimode and single-mode fiber-optic system. The use of OTDR technology for fiber fault point location, most of the test distance in less than 20 km. Instrument directly to the digital display the distance to the point of failure. : Wide Area Network (WAN), the 20-km range communication systems, fiber-to-roadside (FTTC), single-mode and multi-mode fiber optic cable installation and maintenance, and military systems. Single-mode and multi-mode fiber optic cable system, it is necessary to locate the connector failure, bad splices, visual fault locator is an excellent tool. The visual fault locator simple just a one-button operation, multiple events can be detected up to seven.

Visual fault locator: the performance for fiber loss function of the distance. With OTDR, technicians can see the outline of the entire system, to identify and measure the span of fiber splice points and connected head. Diagnosis meter fiber failure, OTDR is the most classic but also the most expensive instrument. With the ends of the optical power meter and optical multimeter test, OTDR only through the end of the fiber can be measured fiber loss. The position and size of the the OTDR trace line gives the attenuation value of the system, such as: any connectors, splices, optical fiber shaped, or the position of the fiber break its loss size.

OTDR can be used in the following three aspects:

1). In the understanding of the characteristics of the cable (length and attenuation), before being laid.

2). To obtain the signal trajectory line waveform of the period of the optical fiber.

3). Positioning serious point of failure when problem increased and connected worsening .

Visual fault locator is a special version of OTDR. It can automatically find fiber failures without the OTDR complex steps, and its price is also just fraction of OTDR.

Article source: FIberStore.com



:: برچسب‌ها: fiber tester , OTDR , visual fault locator ,
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A handheld equipment is most often used in testing electronics, power, pressure measurement, and so on. For example, a handheld optical visual fault locator is such a handheld test equipment used in fiber optic network.

Visual Fault Locator, as the name has already expressed its function, could be regarded as a part of OTDR. It is a kind of device to locate the breakpoint, bending or cracking of the fiber glass. It can locate the fault of OTDR dead zone and make fiber identification from one end to the other end. Designed with a FC,SC,ST universal adapter, fiber fault locator is used without any other type of additional adapters, and can locates fault up to 10km in fiber cable, with compact in size, light in weight, red laser output. Some users liked the convenience of this measurement method, it is sure that the later volume will increase.

Here is a handheld type visual fault locator. Its Model is BML201. The BML201 visual fault locator is a kind of fiber tester which specially designed for field personnel who need an efficient and economical tool for fiber tracing, fiber routing and continuity checking in an optical network during and after installation. It includes: finding the breakpoint, poor connections, bending or cracking in fiber optic cables, and finding the faults of OTDR. It is an essential tool for troubleshooting a fiber optic system. Visual Fault Locators from FiberStore are all with high quality and good price.

As telephone test equipment is used in teleommunication works, another handheld test equipment – telephone line tester, is used in testing the phone line. Telephone line tester is a new kind of line fault tester with safety and multi-functions capabilities. Besides the functions as a commontelephone line tester, it also has the functions of high voltage protection and dangerous voltage warning. A phone line tester is used for detecting either digital or analog phone systems as well as the line polarity. Telephone line testers are good for both personal and professional use.FiberStore supplies some mini phone line tester other telephone line testers with low prices.

What is the most important requirement for a handheld test and measurement equipment? Accuracy? Stability? Price? According the survey, 89% of respondents believe that the accuracy and reliability is very important, 11% of respondents believe that accuracy and reliability are important. Second is the easy-to-read, 54% of respondents think it is very important, 45% of respondents think it is important. Ease-of-use, followed by 63% of respondents think its very important, 35% of the respondents believe that it is important. As respondents said: simple operation and use is important, the legibility and clearly show the same important. Other respondents said: ensure that the equipment is very easy to use, otherwise, no matter how good the equipment, technology personnel will not use him, even use, is also likely to incorrectly use.

And the above two features, durability is important for 99% of the respondents, 73% of respondents think its very important, 26% of respondents think its important. Respondents said: To take into account the human factor, instrument in the misuse is damaged? The other respondents added: To ensure that the equipment will not be damaged in transit.

Welcome to FiberStore and choose the best Handheld Test Equipment here.

Article Source: FiberStore.com



:: برچسب‌ها: visual fault locator , telephone test equipment , phone line tester ,
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تاریخ انتشار : شنبه 3 فروردين 1392 | نظرات ()
نوشته شده توسط : sunprince

What is a Cable Tester? A cable tester is an electronic device used to verify the electrical connections in a cable or other wired assembly. Sometimes we also call it Network Cable Tester, because it is usually used in LAN Network.

There are many different types of cable testers, each able to test a specific type of cable or wire (some may be able to test several different types of cables or wires). The cable tester can test whether a cable or wire is set up properly, connected to the appropriate source points, and if the communication strength between the source and destination is strong enough to serve its intended purpose. Here is an example of a cable tester made in FiberStore.

Its model is PN-8108, a Multifunction Network Cable Tester. This tester is very easy to operate for prevent and solve cable installation problem. It can widely be used for a number of applications such as cable connection sequence, length, user jumper and cable connection continuity and determine any open circuit, short circuit, jumper or cross-talk interference.

For computers, one of the most common types of cable testers used is for testing Cat5, Cat5e, and Cat6 network cables. Because so many different types of data can be transmitted over a network cable, it is important that the network cable connects properly between the computer and server. It is also important to ensure the signal strength between computers and servers is adequate for transmitting data and that there is no interference from outside sources that could cause a loss of data or decrease in signal strength. A cable tester can test for these factors and help to ensure the network cables connections are correct and will work for the intended purpose.

FiberStore supplies many kinds of LAN Network Cable Testers, which are a kind of convenient and comprehensive tools for network professionals. Network Cable Tester is always being used to test LAN Datacom and Telecom cables. Network Cable Line Tester can find all problems associated with testing such faults as opens, shorts, cable integrity and it also find cable length of individual cables or distance to a fault, and its powerful and user-friendly features enable network installers to accurately check pin configurations of various voice and data communication cables.

Except Network Cable Testers, FiberStore also offers many kinds of fiber optic tester. There are OTDR Testers, ADSL Testers, CCTV Security Testers, and Telephone Line Testers here.

Telephone Line Tester is a new kind of line fault tester with safety and multi-functions capabilities. Besides the functions as a common Telephone Line Tester, it also has the functions of high voltage protection and dangerous voltage warning. Such a phone line tester is used for detecting either digital or analog phone systems as well as the line polarity. Telephone line testers are good for both personal and professional use. FiberStore supplies some mini phone line testers and other general telephone line testers. The importance that you should know is they are the cheapest and best performance products in fiber optic network.

Article Source: FiberStore.com



:: برچسب‌ها: fiber optic tester , network cable tester , telephone line tester ,
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تاریخ انتشار : جمعه 2 فروردين 1392 | نظرات ()
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Where can you get the best Mux Demux Modules? I suggest you should come to FiberStore. From 2012 on, FiberStore has came to be the best fiber optic products supplier in China. Our products are all inexpensive with high quality.

As Mux Demux Modules are playing an important role in fiber optic network, more and more areas need these good products. First, let us have a talk about mux/demux. In telecommunications, a multiplexer(or mux) is a device that combines several input information signals into one output signal, which carries several communication channels, by means of some multiplex technique. A demultiplexer(or demux) is, in this context, a device taking a single input signal that carries many channels and separates those over multiple output signals.

What we are going to say today, is the CWDM mux and demux. CWDM is short for coarse wavelength division multiplexing, a technology of WDM. CWDM mux and CWDM demux are designed to multiplex multiple CWDM channels into one or two fibers. The core of CWDM modules application is the passive mux/demux unit. In FiberStore, the common configuration of CWDM modules is 1*4, 1*8, 1*16 channels, available in 19 Rack Mount or LGX module package. Optional wide band port for existing 1310nm or 1550nm port is available to multiplex with these CWDM Channels. Together with CWDM transceiver series or the wavelength converter series, the bandwidth of the fiber can be utilized in a cost effective way. The important advantage of CWDM modules is the cost of the optics which is typically 1/3rd of the cost of the equivalent DWDM optics.

Let us have a look at one of the CWDM mux/demux modules in FiberStore. This is a 8 Channels CWDM module. And here are its Key Features.

1). One rack unit (RU) in height housing-1U
2). Rack mountable in 19 (23 also available on customer requirement)
3). Mux and Demux combined in one 1U Rack
4). Compliant to ITU-T G.694.2 CWDM standard
5). Accepts any data rate and any protocol on any port up to 10 Gbps, 40 Gbps and 100 Gbps
6). Fully transparent at all data rates and protocols from T1 to 40 Gbps
7). Completely passive, no power supply needed
8). Simple to install, requires no configuration or maintenance
9). Low-cost transceivers applicable, existing equipment can still be used
10). ISO 9001 manufacturing facility
11). Lifetime Product Warranty

Note: CWDM mux/demux combine and split light signal of CWDM wavelengths. CWDM transceivers generate light signals of specific CWDM wavelengths. OEO converts two independent signals into a corresponding wavelength in CWDM and DWDM network infrastructures. In addition, the integrated 3R functionality enables to accomplish a transmission of long distances up to 80km. If CWDM transceivers can plug into active devices directly, No need OEO converters.

Welcome to FiberStore and we will offer you the best fiber optic products which are all in good performance.

Article Source: FiberStore.com



:: برچسب‌ها: CWDM mux , fiber optic products , mux demux ,
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تاریخ انتشار : پنج شنبه 1 فروردين 1392 | نظرات ()